Probably, you will get some
more of Hebrew talking experience when you want or need something. Most oftenly
it happens when you want or need to order: menu at the restaurant, taxi,
pizza... Even if you don't know the exact word for what you want, you sometimes
just can tell I want/need "this" -- and point on the object of your interest.
Actually, if you look at young children learning their first language, those
words are usually the ones the children start using, and they are the key for
your communication success.
And just in case: no, the
sentences here (and in all other lessons) are NOT just taken from some stupid
tourist guide. :)
I want
|
Ani
rotzeh (m)
Ani
rotzah (f)
|
אֲנִי רוֹצֶה
אני רוֹצָה
|
I want to (make a) call
|
ani rotzeh
/ rotzah lehitkasher
|
אני רוצה לְהִתְקַשֵּׁר
|
I want this
|
ani rotzeh / rotzah et zeh
|
אני רוצה אֶת זֶה
|
But all this "I want to" sounds a bit childish. It would be sufficient in the
restaurant, probably, but it's quite not enough when you need to ask for driving
directions, for example.
Here are some other useful words (and remember to read the remarks after this
table):
I need
|
Ani
tzarikh(m)
Ani
tzrikhah (f)
|
אני צָרִיך
אני צְרִיכָה
|
I need to (make a) call...
|
ani tzareekh
lehitkasher
ani tzreekhah
lehitkasher
|
אני צריך להתקשר
אני צריכה להתקשר
|
... to the States.
|
le-Artzot-ha-Brit
|
לְאַרְצוֹת-הַבְּרִית
in writing:
לארה"ב
|
I need to leave.
(literally: to go)
|
ani
tzarikh lalekhet
ani
tzrikhah lalekhet
|
אני צָרִיך לָלֶכֶת
אני צריכה לָלֶכֶת
|
I have to go.
|
ani khayav lalekhet
ani khayevet lalekhet
|
אני חַיָּב ללכת
אני חַיֶּבֶת ללכת
|
I need to take off.
(literally: to leave)
|
ani tzarikh la`azov
ani tzrikha la`azov
|
אני צריך לַעֲזוֹב
אני צריכה לעזוב
|
I have to take off.
(literally: to leave) |
ani khayav la`azov
ani khayevet la`azov
|
אני חייב לעזוב
אני חייבת לעזוב
|
I need to get to ....
|
ani tzarikh lehagia` le-...
[le-haa-ghee-ah]
|
אני צריך לְהַגִּיעַ
ל...
|
I need to go (to drive) to
...
|
ani tzarikh linsoa` le-...
|
אני צָרִיך לִנְסוֹעַ
ל...
|
I need to buy ...
|
ani tzarikh liknot
...
ani tzarikh liknot ...
|
אני צריך לִקְנוֹת ...
אני צריכה לקנות ...
|
(To make it shorter, we omit feminine form of the
modal verb in some phrases.)
One of the goals of showing you all the variants of
saying "I have to" was introducing the most useful verbs in Hebrew. Israelis
might use them interchangeably, without thinking whether their opponent (you)
can really understand it. Nobody (except of your relatives, of course) is going
to simplify their speecj for you. Therefore, it worth learning both
צריך
and חייב.
Remember the way the word
חייב is written: while writing without diacritic marks, the Yud
is doubled.
United States in Hebrew:
אַרְצוֹת-הַבְּרִית. Full name: United States of America:
אַרְצוֹת הַבְּרִית שֶׁל אָמֵרִיקָה
(Artzot ha-Brit shel America.) Note the word Brit, which you probably know from
the Brit (Brit-Milah, Brith, Bris.) The literal meaning is Union (in case of the
Jewish circumcision ceremony it's the Union of the God with Father Abraham); and
Artzot ha-Brit literally means "Lands of Union", i.e., United States.
However, same way as in English you'd use the abbreviation U.S., in Hebrew there
is slightly longer abbreviation:
ארה"ב. Unlike many
other abbreviations it doesn't have it's own readin, and the full name is
pronounced: ארה"ב - Artzot ha-Brit.
Now, let's learn some destinations and objects, so we can build some useful
phrases with all those "I need to..."
to order
|
lehazmeen |
לְהַזְמִין |
to take a taxi / a cab
(see remarks)
|
lakakhat
monit / sherut
|
לָקַחַת מוֹנִית / שֵירוּת* |
restroom
|
sherutim
|
שֵירוּתִים*
|
menu
|
tafrit
|
תַּפְרִיט
|
restaurant
|
Mis`adah
|
מִסְעָדָה
|
gift
gifts
|
matanah
(single)
matanot
(plural)
|
מַתָּנָה
מַתָּנוֹת
|
mall / shopping center
|
Kanyon
(some people pronounce it
like "canyon" in English)
|
קַנְיוֹן
(קֶנְיוֹן)
|
(to go) shopping
|
la`asot
kniyot |
לַעֲשׂוֹת קְנִיּוֹת
|
train station
|
takhanat
rakevet
|
תַחֲנַת רַכֶּבֶת
|
airport
|
Nemal
- te`ufah
|
נְמַל-תְעוּפָה
|
bus stop
|
takhanat
otobus
|
תַחֲנַת
אוֹטוֹבּוּס
|
central (bus) station
|
takhanah
merkazit |
תַחֲנָה
מֶרְכָּזִית
|
Note the word שֵׁירוּת
and it's plural
שֵׁירוּתִים. The word
literally means "service", and it's applied accordingly, e.g. military service
is שֵׁירוּת צְבָאִי.
Now, the taxis moving on the bus' routes are called "service" (שֵׁירוּת)
to distinguish it from the taxi (מוֹנִית)
you call with your special order; at least, this is the way it was called in
Haifa back in 90s. :)
Well, if שֵׁירוּת
means "service", then
שֵׁירוּתִים is
"services", and that's how Israelis refer the restroom.
Regarding the taxis: if you're a tourist, you're probably going to take taxi;
but if you're a student or a soldier, you'll probably try to save money using
buses and "service" cabs on your way home.
Some remarks regardin the words we've just seen (and just another opportunity
for you to look on the words.)
The word מרכז
- "center" has been borrowed from Arabic, although few people today might now
that.
The word תעופה
means "aviation", and it oftenly appears in "combinational" words:
נְמַל-תְעוּפָה -
airport (literally: "aviation port")
שְׂדֵה-תְעוּפָה - also
used for airport, but it rather means the landing field (literally "aviation
field")
כְּלִי-תְעוּפָה -
aircraft (literally: "aviation device")
The word מַתָּנָה
was probably familiar to your Jewish grandma: in Yiddish it sounded Matoneh
(pl. Matones.)
Now, can you build a phrase "I need to get to the airport"?
How about "I need to buy gifts" or "I want to go
shopping"?
I bet, you can do it now. And you also can read some of it even without the "nekudot".
Good luck!